Sunday 10 April 2016

Symbol mathematics

Symbol
Symbol Name
Meaning / definition
Example
{ }
set
a collection of elements
A = {3,7,9,14},
B = {9,14,28}
A  B
intersection
objects that belong to set A and set B
A  B = {9,14}
A  B
union
objects that belong to set A or set B
A  B = {3,7,9,14,28}
A  B
subset
subset has fewer elements or equal to the set
{9,14,28} {9,14,28}
A  B
proper subset / strict subset
subset has fewer elements than the set
{9,14} {9,14,28}
A  B
not subset
left set not a subset of right set
{9,66} {9,14,28}
A  B
superset
set A has more elements or equal to the set B
{9,14,28} {9,14,28}
A  B
proper superset / strict superset
set A has more elements than set B
{9,14,28} {9,14}
A  B
not superset
set A is not a superset of set B
{9,14,28} {9,66}
2A
power set
all subsets of A

\mathcal{P}(A)
power set
all subsets of A

A = B
equality
both sets have the same members
A={3,9,14},
B={3,9,14},
A=B
Ac
complement
all the objects that do not belong to set A

A \ B
relative complement
objects that belong to A and not to B
A = {3,9,14},
B = {1,2,3},
A-B = {9,14}
A - B
relative complement
objects that belong to A and not to B
A = {3,9,14},
B = {1,2,3},
A-B = {9,14}
A ∆ B
symmetric difference
objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection
A = {3,9,14},
B = {1,2,3},
A ∆ B = {1,2,9,14}
A  B
symmetric difference
objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection
A = {3,9,14},
B = {1,2,3},
A 
 B = {1,2,9,14}
aA
element of
set membership
 A={3,9,14}, 3  A
xA
not element of
no set membership
A={3,9,14}, 1  A
(a,b)
ordered pair
collection of 2 elements

A×B
cartesian product
set of all ordered pairs from A and B

|A|
cardinality
the number of elements of set A
A={3,9,14}, |A|=3
#A
cardinality
the number of elements of set A
A={3,9,14}, #A=3
aleph-null
infinite cardinality of natural numbers set

aleph-one
cardinality of countable ordinal numbers set

Ø
empty set
Ø = { }
C = {Ø}
\mathbb{U}
universal set
set of all possible values





+addition sign, plus sign
-subtraction sign, minus sign
x or ⋅multiplication sign
÷ or /division sign
=equal
not equal
<less than
>greater than
less than or equal to
greater than or equal to
#number sign
( )parentheses
&and (ampersand)
%percent
πpi
|x|absolute value of x
square root
!factorial
±plus or minus
ˆcaret - to the power of

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